Distinguished Ladies and Gentlemen 

Good morning, 

1.   It is my pleasure to welcome you all to this workshop dedicated to discussing how to enhance the role and participation of South Sudan women in the implementation of the Revitalized Peace Agreement. The theme of the event, “understanding the Roadmap and women’s participation in implementation of the Revitalised Agreement on the Resolution of the Conflict in the Republic of South Sudan (R-ARCSS)” is timely and significant.

2.   Today is a special day for all of us, as we mark the International Women’s Day. This special day encourages us to reflect on the milestones that have been achieved by women in the world. The ideals advocated by the UN Security Council Resolution 1325 are aimed, among others, at mainstreaming gender by bringing about a greater sensitivity to the different effects that war has on men and women. 

3.   The ground-breaking Security Council Resolution 1325, which was passed in the year 2000, is the first to link women’s experiences of conflict to the international peace and security agenda, focusing attention on the disproportionate impact of conflict on women, and calling for women’s engagement in conflict resolution and peace building. It recognised the undervalued and underutilised contributions women make to conflict prevention, peacekeeping, conflict resolution, conflict transformation, including securing and sustaining peace. It also stressed the importance of women’s equal and full participation as active agents in peace and security.

4.   Historically, women have been in record for constructively engaging in the South Sudan peace process. During the IGAD-led High-Level Revitalization Forum (HLRF) of the parties and stakeholders which culminated into the Agreement on the Resolution of the Conflict in the Republic of South Sudan (R-ARCSS), the South Sudanese women played a critical role in successfully negotiating issues affecting them. As you may recall, the chief mediator, Hanna Tetteh, is a woman.

5.   The increase in women representation from 25% under the previous Peace Agreement to 35% under the Revitalized Peace Agreement is a sheer demonstration of the women’s agency in arguing their case for effective representation and participation in political processes, including in all state institutions. RJMEC encourages the R-TGoNU and all the political parties to provide an enabling environment for South Sudanese women to fully participate in the implementation of the R-ARCSS.   

6.   This workshop therefore comes shortly after we have marked the third anniversary of the Revitalised Transitional Government of National Unity (RTGoNU), three years of the Transitional Period of the Agreement on the Resolution of the Conflict in the Republic of South Sudan (R-ARCSS), and after four and a half years of the signing of the Revitalized Peace Agreement itself.

7.   In late 2021, it was RJMEC’s assessment that a number of critical tasks were pending, which would have made the conduct of elections as originally scheduled in December 2022, near impossible. Accordingly, RJMEC requested the RTGoNU to develop and share its strategy on achieving the critical pending tasks within the timeframe remaining. Consequently, the RTGoNU duly developed a Roadmap in August 2022, setting out a revised schedule for implementation of the critical pending tasks to enable the country conduct peaceful and democratic elections within 24 months, with the Transitional Period now expected to end in February 2025. 

8.   The Roadmap, in the words of the RTGoNU, “is to provide time-bound guidance on the implementation of outstanding provisions that are critical to the conduct of peaceful and democratic elections at the end of the transition period, not alternative to the R-ARCSS.”Therefore, in the extended period of the Transitional Period, just as before, the R-ARCSS remains the supreme document.

9.   In this regard, therefore, as we move into the extension period, the gender provisions remain very relevant and central. This is the reason why the theme of the event, “Understanding the Roadmap and women’s participation in implementation of the R-ARCSS” is the main focus of discussions in the workshop.

Distinguished Ladies and Gentlemen, 

10.        The gender provisions of the Agreement seek to improve the inclusion and empowerment of women in a very fundamental way. They cover the participation and representation of women in decision‐making positions, in all governmental bodies, and institutions and mechanisms that drive political, economic, social and judicial reforms, as well as the constitution-making process. This remains equally valid and important in the Roadmap.

11.        In particular, there are provisions which refer to the prevention of all forms of violence against women and girls, including measures to prevent sexual and gender-based violence (SGBV) in general and sexual violence in particular. Then, there are provisions on the protection and promotion of women and girls’ rights, including protection from SGBV, and the consideration of women and girls’ specific protection needs. 

12.        Therefore, it is evident that the letter and spirit of the gender provisions in the Revitalized Peace Agreement are deep and far-reaching, and aimed at creating a conducive environment for women in South Sudan to actively participate in the political, economic and social life of their country. It is important to recognise the role and value of women in all these aspects. Women are capable in decision-making, especially those affecting the social fabric and the environment, and they share information well. They bring additional perspectives, especially on issues that affect other women and girls. Women also provide holistic approaches and dimensions in today’s complex and evolving challenges in all spheres. 

13.        In spite of the fact that UNSCR 1325 on the role of women in conflict resolution and peace processes, which calls for the adoption of gender perspectives, especially of women’s and girls’ needs in peace agreements, and their implementation mechanisms, and for the protection and respect of their rights, women continue to face obstacles in the realisation of this aspiration, and do so during the implementation of the Revitalised Peace Agreement.

14.        The challenges facing women are enormous, especially in our continent and also in South Sudan. They include those related to access to power, inclusivity and effective participation, and gender bias. Unless such challenges are adequately addressed, perspectives and concerns of women will be overlooked in politics as well as in the implementation of the Roadmap of the R-ARCSS. This therefore calls for women to be respected and not to be ignored or undermined, and women should be assertive in making their voices heard.

15.        As the RTGoNU continues in the implementation of the Roadmap, there are some key bodies which need to be reconstituted and staffed. These include the Political Parties Council, the National Elections Commission, and the National Constitutional Review Commission (NCRC). Also related to the Constitution-making process is the establishment of the Preparatory Sub-Committee for the National Constitutional Conference, and recruitment of the Constitutional Drafting Committee. 

16.        As we know, the Agreement mandates 35% level of women’s participation in such bodies, and the nominees to these bodies need to reflect the gender, political, social, ethnic, religious, and regional diversity of South Sudan. RJMEC takes these considerations very seriously, and as we conduct our monitoring and evaluation of the Revitalized Peace Agreement, we will ensure that these parameters get the proper level of attention.  

17.        Furthermore, along with all of us here, RJMEC celebrates International Women’s Day, and will continue to support gender-focussed activities such as this one. I sincerely thank the organisers of this event, and I look forward to hearing about how the workshop’s outcomes will contribute to the effective implementation of the Peace Agreement Roadmap in general, and the gender provisions in particular. 

18.        I wish you all a fruitful and successful workshop.

I Thank You.

STATEMENT BY H.E. AMB. MAJ GEN (rtd) CHARLES TAI GITUAI, CBS, INTERIM CHAIRPERSON - RJMEC TO THE 27th RJMEC MONTHLY MEETING 

Thursday, 2 March 2023

Juba, South Sudan

 Honourable Ministers, 

Excellencies, 

Distinguished Ladies and Gentlemen,

10.11 – 10.27

15.49

Good morning.

1.   A warm welcome to all of you to the 27th meeting of the RJMEC. As I informed you in our last meeting in January 2023, the year 2022 closed with the South Sudan peace process high on regional and international agendas. This has continued into 2023, and in the month of February, South Sudan welcomed high level visits from the Ecumenical Peace Pilgrimage, and the African Union Peace and Security Council. 

2.   These were timely and welcome solidarity visits, indicative of the world’s desire for lasting peace in South Sudan. It is our hope that the people of South Sudan were inspired by the strong messages of peace, forgiveness, and reconciliation delivered by the Peace Pilgrimage, and that these messages and gestures of solidarity will not be in vain. It is expected that there will be renewed focus on the timely implementation of the critical pending tasks of the Revitalised Agreement on the Resolution of the Conflict in the Republic of South Sudan (R-ARCSS), dedicated funding by the Revitalised Transitional Government of National Unity (RTGoNU) going forward, unity of purpose, and a sense of urgency in order to deliver on the promises of the Roadmap towards peaceful and democratic elections in December 2024.

3.   It is commendable that the RTGoNU has just marked its third year of implementation of the Peace Agreement. However, as the 24-month extension period begins, I would like to underscore that the implementation of the Roadmap, ratified by the reconstituted Transitional National Legislature (TNL) late last year, is behind schedule. In particular, activities lagging behind include the unification and redeployment of forces, commencement of Phase 2, and the establishment of the institutions and mechanisms which will drive forward the constitution-making process and the preparations for elections.

4.   My statement this morning will therefore highlight the most recent developments in the implementation of the Revitalised Peace Agreement in accordance with the Roadmap since our last Plenary. I will focus on progress made, Roadmap deadlines missed, pending tasks, and conclude with recommendations.

Excellencies, Ladies and Gentlemen,

5.   First, governance. The National Constitutional Amendment Committee (NCAC) has continued with the reviews, amendment and drafting of legislation as provided for in its mandate. In the past month, it has handed over to the Minister of Justice and Constitutional Affairs the Bank of South Sudan Amendment Bill, 2023, and the Banking Amendment Bill, 2023. The Chair of NCAC will provide an update later this morning. 

 6.   I would like to commend the Presidency for resolving the contentious issue which delayed the passage of the National Security Service Bill, on the power of arrest and detention by the National Security Service. The spirit of this compromise is a valuable example which I hope can help guide the ongoing implementation of the Roadmap.

7.   I welcome the accession by the President of the Republic of South Sudan, H.E. Salva Kiir Mayardit, to, among others, the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, and the Protocol to The African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights on the Rights of Women in Africa. The accession to these and other international and regional treaties are critical to the safeguarding of the fundamental human rights of the people of South Sudan. Their operationalisation will be important as the extension period proceeds. 

8.   On the ad hoc Judicial Reform Committee (JRC), which is established to study and recommend appropriate reforms, had its mandate extended for an additional 12 months. I hope that the Committee will now be able to complete its work in the shortest time possible. The JRC will update the meeting later this morning.  

9.   Notwithstanding the aforementioned, critical timelines have been missed in the implementation of governance tasks of the Roadmap. For example, according to the Roadmap, by now both the Political Parties Council and the National Elections Commission should have been reconstituted. These are two critical bodies required for the process of conducting credible elections. Further, the restructuring and reconstitution of the various commissions and institutions at national level should also have been completed by now. It is expected that the RTGoNU will brief the members this morning. 

10.         Next, security. No further progress has been reported with the unification of forces since the last monthly meeting. The completion of the unification of forces is a critical Roadmap task which should not be allowed to fall any further behind the timelines established by the Parties themselves. Equally important, Disarmament, Demobilisation and Reintegration (DDR) programmes to reintegrate former combatants into civilian life have not yet started. I therefore appeal to both regional and international partners to assist the RTGoNU in this effort.

11.        On the management of Cantonment Sites and preparations for Phase 2 training, it is expected that the troops will come with weapons. I would like to underscore the overall importance of the collection, registration, and storage of weapons and munitions to the Transitional Security Arrangements. I would like to hear from the relevant mechanisms on any updates regarding preparations for Phase 2, and whether there is any progress on the tasks of the Strategic Defence and Security Review (SDSR) Board. 

12.        On subnational violence, it is disappointing to hear of further incidents, such as the recent ones in Kajo Keji, Central Equatoria, and some areas close to Juba. Furthermore, violence has also been reported in Twic East County in Jonglei, as well as in Lakes State. In these cases, the loss of life and the displacement of civilians often results. As I have stressed before, it is the responsibility of the RTGoNU to restore permanent and sustainable peace, security, and stability. To that end, I welcome the announcement by the President on the resumption of the Rome peace process. I would also like to underscore the importance of reaching sustainable solutions for all incidents of subnational violence, as the RTGONU prepares for elections period.

13.        With regards to CTSAMVM, it is disappointing that its Monitoring and Verification Teams are unable to operate as per their mandate due to the non-payment of 10 months’ allowances of the National Monitors, which has led to their boycott. CTSAMVM plays an instrumental role in monitoring and reporting on compliance and violations of the permanent ceasefire and the transitional security arrangements. The reports it produces are objective, impartial and balanced, and are a collective effort by all the Parties, including the International Observers from the IGAD countries. As such, these reports build confidence and trust among the Parties to the Agreement, and the RTGoNU has a responsibility to ensure their members play their part. In addition, I am informed that the members of the other security mechanisms, the NCAC and the JRC, have also not been facilitated. I therefore appeal to the RTGoNU to immediately provide funds for the payment of CTSAMVM’s National Monitors, and the national members of all the Agreement mechanisms.  

Excellencies, Ladies and Gentlemen,

14.        On humanitarian affairs, the NGO Act 2016 is under review by the NCAC to conform to international standards and best practices. It is expected that the review of the NGO Act 2016 will help regularise and improve the operational environment for NGOs and humanitarian workers. The NCAC will provide more details.

15.        I would like to commend H.E. the President, and H.E. the First Vice President, for their recent meetings with IDPs, which draw much-needed attention to the plight of the IDPs. Both leaders emphasised the need for forgiveness, reconciliation and promoting the spirit of unity. These are key messages for two leaders to take around the country as the RTGoNU prepares for elections. It is encouraging to note that there are plans to provide security and basic services at the IDPs points of return as these are critical to the reintegration and the rebuilding of IDPs and returnees’ livelihoods. This undertaking lends urgency to the setting up of the much-delayed Special Reconstruction Fund and Board, which will pave the way for the pledging conference.

16.        On resource, economic and financial management, despite some progress registered in Public Finance Management (PFM) reforms, the amendment bills which should govern these reforms, submitted by the NCAC to the RTGoNU beginning in June 2022, have not yet been enacted into law. These bills include the Anti-Corruption Commission Bill, the National Audit Chamber Bill, the Public Financial Management and Accountability Bill, and the Petroleum Revenue Management Bill. It is important that these bills should be enacted and operationalised to underpin the PFM reform process outlined in the Roadmap. 

17.        In the management of natural resources, progress has been registered in policies and programmes related to petroleum, agriculture, wildlife and tourism and environmental protection. However, I would like to urge the RTGoNU to finalise the review, legislation and implementation of the Land Policy and the Land Act 2008, as this would address land administration challenges, including the resettlement of the IDPs and refugees.

Excellencies, Ladies and Gentlemen,

18.        In terms of transitional justice, I am informed that the Ministry of Justice and Constitutional Affairs has drafted bills on the Commission for Truth, Reconciliation and Healing (CTRH), and Compensation and Reparation Authority (CPA), and will conduct a stakeholder consultation on these two bills at the end of March 2023. With the February visit of the African Union Peace and Security Council, I hope that some progress will be made regarding the establishment of the Hybrid Court of South Sudan (HCSS), which is the responsibility of the African Union Commission and the RTGoNU.

19.        Regarding the making of the Permanent Constitution, the Constitution-making Process Act 2022 is yet to be operationalised. Several timelines have already been missed as per the Act. By now, the Parties and Stakeholders should have submitted their lists of nominees to the Minister of Justice and Constitutional Affairs to reconstitute the National Constitutional Review Commission (NCRC) and establish the Preparatory Sub-Committee (PSC). In addition, the recruitment of members to the Constitutional Drafting Committee (CDC) should be ongoing. These delays seriously undermine the progress of the entire constitution-making process, and consequently, the elections. 

 Excellencies, Ladies and Gentlemen,

20.        In RJMEC’s assessment, the RTGoNU is already way behind its own schedule set out in the Roadmap, and a lot of work remains to be done. There is urgent need for all of us, starting with the RTGoNU, to take concrete and deliberate steps to expedite implementation of the critical pending tasks as per the Roadmap. As RJMEC members, we should reconsider our current approaches and avail the requisite support to the implementation of the Peace Agreement with a focus on accelerating progress.

21.        Therefore, I would like to make the following recommendations to the RTGoNU:

a)   Provide adequate funding of the Roadmap tasks in a clear and predictable manner;

b)   Operationalise all the enacted laws, particularly those related to the permanent constitution and elections processes, to expedite the reconstitution of the Political Parties Council and the establishment of the bodies required by the Constitution-Making Process Act 2022, and expedite the enactment of the National Elections Bill; 

c)    Expedite the redeployment of the graduated forces, the harmonisation of ranks of the mid and lower-level commanders, the commencement of Phase 2 of unification of forces, the collection and management of weapons and munitions, and Demobilisation, Disarmament, and Reintegration (DDR);

d)   Facilitate the National Members of CTSAMVM to return to work, and pay allowances of all national members in the Agreement mechanisms;

e)   Facilitate the resettlement, reintegration and the rebuilding of livelihoods of returnees and IDPs;

f)     Enact and operationalise all PFM-related bills to facilitate the reforms and to improve transparency and accountability; and

g)   Complete the process of drafting the CTRH and CRA legislation and submit to the reconstituted TNL for enactment. 

 22.        In conclusion, the renewed commitment of the RTGoNU to implement the Roadmap in letter and spirit, as expressed at its press conference of 21st February, marking the start of the 24-month extension of the Transitional Period, is encouraging. Given the time pressures in the Roadmap, I call upon the RTGoNU to demonstrate its ownership of the process and its commitment by availing the requisite resources to the implementing mechanisms and institutions. I also appeal to all partners and friends of South Sudan to support the RTGoNU’s efforts to facilitate progress.

I Thank You.

- Chairperson of the Peace and Security Council;

- Commissioner of Peace and Security; 

- Your Excellencies Permanent Representatives; 

- Excellencies;

- Ladies and Gentlemen.

Your Excellency,

1. I am honoured to once again address this Council as the Interim Chairperson of the Reconstituted Joint Monitoring and Evaluation Commission (RJMEC). Since my last briefing to you, key milestones have been reached in the implementation of the Revitalised Agreement on the Resolution of the Conflict in the Republic of South Sudan (R-ARCSS). Key among them were:

a. Phase 1 of the graduation of forces is nearing completion with approximately 49,000 out of 53,000 graduated; 

b. the Constitution-making Process Bill, among others, was passed by the Reconstituted Transitional National Legislature and is awaiting assent by the President; 

c. implementation of the R-ARCSS has entered its fifth year with sustained efforts towards peace, despite the many challenges; 

d. the Parties have all agreed on a 24-month extension of the Transitional Period with a clear Roadmap to a Peaceful and Democratic Elections at the end; 

e. the RJMEC pronounced itself on the Roadmap with clear recommendations on steps to be taken in order to ensure that critical tasks outlined in the Roadmap are implemented as scheduled. 

2. In spite of this progress, some critical tasks remain outstanding.   

3. In my briefing today, I will therefore only highlight the key issues which require this Council’s attention and conclude with recommendations.

Your Excellency,

4. Since my last briefing, the timeframe of the Revitalised Peace Agreement has been extended by 24 months, effective February 2023, in accordance with the “Agreement on the Roadmap to a Peaceful and Democratic end to the Transitional Period of the Revitalised Agreement on the Resolution of the Conflict in the Republic of South Sudan”, hereafter referred to as ‘the Roadmap’. 

5. Pursuant to article 8.4 of the R-ARCSS, the Roadmap was agreed to by the Parties on 4th August, endorsed by the Revitalised Transitional Government of National Unity (RTGoNU) Council of Ministers on 5th August, consented to by RJMEC on 1st September 2022 and ratified by the reconstituted Transitional National Legislature on 16th November 2022. Even with the extension, however, there is much to do and time is already pressing.

Your Excellency,

6. I will now give an update on the status of implementation, chapter-by-chapter. First, on Governance. The Reconstituted Transitional National Legislature passed several pieces of legislation, importantly the South Sudan People’s Defence Force Bill, the Wildlife Service Bill, the National Police Service Bill, Political Parties Bill and the Constitution-making Process Bill.

7. The National Constitutional Amendment Committee (NCAC) continues with the reviews and drafting of amendment bills. To date, the NCAC has completed drafting amendment bills of the National Audit Chamber Act, Public Finance Management and Accountability Act, Petroleum Act, Petroleum Revenue Management Act, the National Elections Act and the Anti-Corruption Commission Act.

8. The restructuring and reconstitution of the Institutions and Commissions at the national level is work in progress. The reforms include streamlining their mandates and appointments to ensure their independence and accountability in accordance with the law, taking into consideration inclusivity, national diversity and gender.

9. On the permanent ceasefire and transitional security arrangements, the graduation of the first batch of the Necessary Unified Forces is nearing completion with approximately 49,000 forces out of the expected 53,000 graduated. The unified forces now need to be redeployed, and this overdue. I am concerned that the graduated unified forces have been returned to the Training Centres, which is delaying the commencement of Phase 2 training. Furthermore, the unified forces are not being remunerated. We expect the RTGoNU to take appropriate action.

10. There are security related tasks yet to be undertaken, including finalising the Strategic Defence and Security Review documents, availing clear and predictable funding for the DDR Commission and its programmes, and a clear plan for the management of weapons and munitions collected from all forces. 

Your Excellency, 

11. Regarding humanitarian assistance and reconstruction, the opening of some humanitarian corridors has facilitated free movement of goods services and people across borders, including voluntary returns. According to UNHCR, more than 600,000 people have returned since 2018. 

12. However, the magnitude and severity of humanitarian needs in the country have continued to rise due to the effect of prolonged subnational violence, widespread flooding, food insecurity, decline in funding and lack of the provision of basic services, particularly the conflict-affected population. There are also concerns related to safety of humanitarian workers and their assets as well as access to those in need.

13. The critical outstanding tasks include the establishment of Special Reconstruction Fund (SRF) and its Board, the requisite USD 100 million funding per annum from the RTGoNU and the review of the NGO Act 2016.  In this regard, I have urged the RTGoNU to expedite the establishment of the SRF to pave the way for the Pledging Conference, pursuant to the 1060th AU PSC Communique. 

14. On Resource, Economic and Financial Management, some progress has been registered in policy reviews and the management of natural resources as required by the Revitalised Peace Agreement. Agricultural policies, strategies and programmes are being developed, and the National Land Policy is being finalised. However, the policy for the management of South Sudan’s waterbodies, including but not limited to the River Nile that was prioritised in the Roadmap, is yet to be developed.  

15. The Strategic Economic Development Roadmap was reviewed and aligned with the R-ARCSS and is being implemented and prioritises the security, humanitarian, and development nexus. It also focuses on devolution of powers and resources which is being operationalised with the development of State plans for all the ten states and three Administrative Areas.

16. The legal and institutional framework for the Youth and Women Enterprise Development Funds for the vulnerable private sector are being developed and the South Sudan Pension Fund (SSPF) has been operationalised but needs to broaden its coverage beyond civil service to include the wider public and private sectors.

17. The Public Financial Management reforms namely, the operationalization of the treasury single account, creation of the Public Procurement and Asset Disposal Authority, the enactment of legislations relating to Public Financial Management have been slow and need to be prioritised.    

18. In terms of transitional justice, the RTGoNU has conducted public consultations to help guide the legislation establishing the Commission for Truth, Reconciliation and Healing (CTRH). The drafting of the CTRH Bill and the Compensation and Reparation Authority (CRA) Bill are both ongoing. On the Hybrid Court for South Sudan (HCSS), the responsibility for its establishment lies with the African Union Commission (AUC) working with the RTGoNU, and this is still pending. I urge the AUC to expedite the process leading to the establishment  of the Court.

19. The making of the permanent constitution is critical for the conduct of elections at the end of the transitional period. In this regard, the Constitution-making Process Bill 2022 was passed by the Transitional National Legislature and awaits assent by the President. Once the Bill becomes law, it will pave the way for the reconstitution of the National Constitutional Review Commission (NCRC), recruitment of the Constitutional Drafting Committee (CDC) and appointment of the Preparatory Sub-Committee (PSC) which will be responsible for the convening of the National Constitutional Conference. These bodies are critical in the making of the new constitution to guide the conduct of elections at the end of the Transitional Period and their establishment is long overdue.

20. During this Roadmap phase, it is also critical that the RTGoNU provides an enabling environment for elections, including the opening and preserving of civic and political space for all, to build confidence and participation in the process. Overall, predictable funding and adequate logistical support for the implementation of the peace agreement is critical.

Your Excellency,

21. Since the Revitalised Peace Agreement came into force in 2018, its implementation faced several challenges. These include trust deficit among the parties; capacity gaps of Agreement institutions and mechanisms; lack of adequate and predictable funding; limited resources for implementation; flooding; and activities of the holdout groups and subnational violence.

22. Depite the above challenges, the Roadmap provides an opportunity for creating the conditions necessary for the conduct of peaceful and democratic elections at the end of the Transitional Period. This requires changes in strategies and approaches from the parties, South Sudanese stakeholders, the regional guarantors and international partners and friends of South Sudan. There is need for the RTGoNU to, inter alia, demonstrate the urgency, unity of purpose, commitment, extra effort and political will required to implement the tasks outlined in the Roadmap as scheduled. The regional guarantors and international community should enhance their approaches in engaging the RTGoNU and the various Agreement Institutions and Commissions with a strong focus in facilitating progress.

1. I will now conclude with my recommendations to this august Council. The Peace and Security Council to:

a. engage the RTGoNU to adhere to the Roadmap timelines and prioritise their implementation through the availing of predictable, timely and adequate funding for all tasks; 

b. urge the AU Commission to provide political, technical, and logistical support to the RTGoNU during the implementation of the Permanent Constitution-making process and elections;

c. encourage the RTGoNU to ensure civic and political space are guaranteed and protected throughout the country;

d. urge the AU Commission and member states to support the RTGoNU with expertise and resources needed to support the DDR process and the management of weapon and munitions stockpiles;

e. engage with the RTGONU to kickstart the establishment of the Special Reconstruction Fund and its Board to pave the way for the convening of the South Sudan pledging conference;

f. urge the AU Commission to expedite the process for the establishment of the Hybrid Court for South Sudan; and 

g. appeal to the RTGoNU to fast track the establishment and operationalisation and funding of the CTRH and CRA.

2. Finally, there is need for us all (IGAD, AU and UN) to consolidate our efforts, speak with one voice, and bring our collective leverage to bear and push for timely implementation of the Roadmap.

I Thank You!

Honourable Ministers, 

Excellencies, 

Distinguished Ladies and Gentlemen,

Good morning.

1.   Let me begin by welcoming you all to the 26th meeting of the RJMEC, and by wishing you all a very Happy New Year 2023. I sincerely hope that you all had a restful break, and are ready to redouble efforts pursuant to our mandate to effectively and collectively monitor, evaluate, and oversee the implementation of the Revitalised Agreement on the Resolution of the Conflict in the Republic of South Sudan (R-ARCSS), with renewed focus to support all Agreement Institutions and Mechanisms to facilitate progress.

2.   At the end of 2022, the South Sudan peace process was high on the agendas of the IGAD Council of Ministers, the African Union Peace and Security Council (AUPSC), and the United Nations Security Council, all of which RJMEC provided a briefing to. Informed by our recommendations, IGAD and AUPSC in particular have made critical policy decisions in support of the implementation of the Revitalised Peace Agreement. 

3.   With such focus, I am expecting a busy start to the year 2023, particularly in February, when South Sudan is expected to receive important visitors, including the Ecumenical Peace Pilgrimage of the three religious leaders, led by His Holiness, Pope Francis, and subsequently the AUPSC. We also expect a joint IGAD ministerial visit. 

4.   These solidarity visits are timely, and they enhance our peace efforts, as they coincide with the third anniversary of the establishment of the Revitalised Transitional Government of National Unity (RTGoNU). I hope the RTGoNU and the people of South Sudan will find inspiration and a spirit of forgiveness in these visits in order to renew public confidence in the peace process by rebuilding trust and showing unity of purpose, and demonstrate genuine political will through joint actions and messaging for peace.

5.   My statement this morning will therefore highlight the most recent developments in the implementation of the Revitalised Peace Agreement in accordance with the Roadmap since our last Plenary. I will focus on progress made, pending tasks, and conclude with recommendations.

Excellencies, Ladies and Gentlemen,

6.   First, governance. Since our last plenary, some critical benchmarks have been realised. Six bills have been assented to by the President of the Republic of South Sudan pursuant to the R-ARCSS. The bills are the Constitution-making Process Bill 2022; the Transitional Constitution of the Republic of South Sudan 2011 (Amendment) Bill No.11, 2022; the National Police Service (Amendment) Bill 2022; the National Wildlife Service (Amendment) Bill 2022; the Civil Defense Bill 2022; and the National Prisons Service (Amendment) Bill 2022. 

7.   Whereas the enactment of the bills is a welcome development, I am concerned that the operationalisation of the Acts has been slow. By now, there are critical institutions which should have been reconstituted to pave the way for the implementation of key aspects of the Agreement. For instance, the Political Parties Council which is central for the registration of political parties, and there is also the National Constitutional Review Commission which is tasked with spearheading the constitution-making process.   

8.   The National Constitutional Amendment Committee (NCAC) has continued with the reviews, amendment and drafting of legislation as provided for in its mandate. In that regard, I would like to urge the RTGoNU to fast-track the enactment of all the revised laws, especially the National Elections Act (Amendment) Bill and Anti-Corruption Commission Act (Amendment) Bill. 

9.   On the issue of payments to national members of the NCAC and the ad hoc Judicial Reform Committee (JRC), I have been informed that the RTGoNU will cover the payments of the national members of these two institutions, which is a welcome development. 

10.         Next, security. I can report that with the graduation of troops in Bentiu on 14th January 2022, Phase I of the graduation of the Necessary Unified Forces (NUF) is now complete. Despite graduation, the troops are yet to be redeployed to their respective formations, units and posts, their ranks are yet to be harmonized, and it is important that their welfare be adequately taken care of.

11.        According to the Roadmap, the commencement of the training of Phase II of the NUF is to begin without delay as that process is behind schedule. Learning from the experience of Phase I, it is important that the RTGoNU provides adequate material and financial resources, so that the Security Mechanisms can accomplish their tasks in a timely manner. Closely connected with the issue of the unification of forces is the DDR process, which has received very little support. It is difficult to see how the unification of forces can be considered complete without fully functioning and funded DDR programmes. 

12.   As the process of the unification of forces moves forward into Phase II, another area that needs particular attention is the collection, registration, and storage of weapons and munitions, and I urge the JDB to give this matter its full attention. One further very important but pending task in Chapter 2 is the completion of the Strategic Defence and Security Review process, which is way behind schedule. I would like to hear an update on these issues from the Security Mechanisms.

13.   It is very concerning to note that over the holiday period, numerous armed clashes have taken place, cumulatively costing hundreds of lives and displacing thousands of civilians, in particular in Upper Nile State and in the Greater Pibor Administrative Area, as expressed in our joint statement published on 28th December 2022. For all intents and purposes, there is a very serious picture of escalating violence, negatively impacting the environment in which the R-ARCSS is being implemented. I therefore appeal to the Parties involved and the RTGoNU to address the root causes of these armed conflicts and find lasting solutions to resolve them and ensure accountability for crimes committed.

14.   Despite its serious operational challenges, CTSAMVM has produced a violation report from Upper Nile State, and it will provide more details this morning. That said, the delayed payment of the national members of CTSAMVM is still a pressing issue. Their role in CTSAMVM is essential as it helps to provide balanced party perspectives in their reports, in addition to facilitating access in the field. I urge the RTGoNU to take this matter with the urgency it deserves.

15.   Regarding policing, an integral component of security sector reforms, I am encouraged by the recently initiated Police Reform Programme. Through its reform activities, this programme is intended to build the capacity of the South Sudan National Police Service, and to sensitise on Sexual and Gender Based Violence (SGBV). This is an important part of strengthening the peace process in South Sudan. 

Excellencies, Ladies and Gentlemen,

16.   On humanitarian affairs, it is encouraging to learn that the NGO Act 2016 is currently being reviewed by the NCAC in order to make it compliant with international best practices. It is concerning to learn that this year already, three humanitarian workers have been killed, in the Abyei Administrative Area and Jonglei State, among scores of civilians who have also lost their lives in violence. It is incumbent upon the RTGoNU to provide a secure environment in which humanitarian workers can deliver aid to those in need.

17.        On resource, economic and financial management, there has been limited progress since the last Plenary. However, reforms in the management of South Sudan’s natural resources are progressing. Further, the Bank of South Sudan has directed all commercial banks to close accounts held by various government institutions, an important step in ensuring the “single treasury account” required by the Agreement. As we move into 2023, it is important that the implementation of Chapter 4 proceeds expeditiously, including improved management of the country's resources. I urge all those responsible to redouble their efforts in this regard.

18.   In terms of transitional justice, I am informed that the Ministry of Justice and Constitutional Affairs is in the process of drafting the Commission on Truth, Reconciliation and Healing Bill and the Compensation and Reparation Authority Bill. I reiterate my appeal to the Ministry to fast-track this process and establish these important institutions. 

19.   Regarding the permanent constitution-making process, I welcome the signing into law of the Constitution Making Process Act 2022. 

The law requires that the National Constitutional Review Commission (NCRC) shall be reconstituted by the RTGoNU within forty-five days after the coming into force of the Act, namely by 5th February 2023. In this regard, the Parties and Stakeholders to the Agreement were required to have submitted lists of their representatives to the Minister of Justice and Constitutional Affairs by 21st January 2023. I am concerned that the first deadline has already been missed and risks causing further delays in the processes that should follow.

20.        I therefore call upon all Parties, and relevant Stakeholders, to immediately submit lists of their nominees to the various Constitution-making bodies. It is imperative that these nominees reflect, among other things, the gender, political, social, ethnic, religious, and regional diversity of South Sudan, as provided for in the Act. 

Excellencies, Ladies and Gentlemen,

21.   In conclusion, I make the following recommendations to the RTGoNU:

a)   reconstitute the Political Parties Council as part of the operationalization of the recently enacted laws, which helps to protect political space, thereby allowing for the registration of political parties;

b)   harmonize the ranks of the unified forces, and provide for their welfare so that they can be deployed to provide security and protection of civilians caught up in subnational violence;

c)    initiate dialogue between the communities and parties to address subnational violence in the country, particularly in the hotspots of Upper Nile, Jonglei, the Equatorias, and Greater Pibor Administrative Area;

d)   commence Phase II of the unification of forces without further delay, and provide adequate resources to the Security Mechanisms and the cantonment sites and training centres; and

e)   immediately reconstitute and fund the National Constitutional Review Commission and its Secretariat, and fast-track the establishment of the other mechanisms like the Constitutional Drafting Committee (CDC) and the Preparatory Sub-Committees. 

22.        Finally, I would like to draw your attention to the fact that elections are due to be held just next year, and now that we are in 2023, it is as clear as it ever was, that so much remains to be done. Furthermore, the levels of community-based violence in the states of Jonglei and Upper Nile, the Greater Pibor Administrative Area, and in the Equatorias, are very concerning. 

23.        The imminent Ecumenical Peace Pilgrimage to Juba of the three religious leaders, led by His Holiness, Pope Francis, is an indicator of the world’s desire for lasting peace in South Sudan. In responding to this, I urge the leadership of the RTGoNU, the Parties, and the people of South Sudan to renew their confidence in the peace process, rebuild trust and demonstrate genuine political will and unity of purpose, with the spirit of forgiveness and magnanimity, as we forge ahead at this critical time of the implementation of the Peace Agreement, towards the end of the Transition Period as stipulated in the Roadmap. 

I Thank You

-       President of the UN Security Council,

-       Distinguished Members of the Council,

-       Excellencies,

-       Distinguished Ladies and Gentlemen,

1.   It is my pleasure to brief the Security Council today, which is just over nine months since I last briefed this august Council. I would like to take this opportunity to thank this Council for the invitation, expressed in UNSC Resolution 2633, adopted on 26 May 2022, to “share relevant information with the Council, as appropriate, on its assessment of the parties’ implementation of the Revitalised Agreement, adherence to the Cessation of Hostilities Agreement, and the facilitation of unhindered and secure humanitarian access.” Furthermore, article 7.9 of the Revitalised Agreement on the Resolution of the Conflict in the Republic of South Sudan (R-ARCSS) mandates us to report, inter alia, to this Council every three months. 

2.   The Reconstituted Joint Monitoring and Evaluation Commission (RJMEC) is the official oversight body mandated to monitor, evaluate, and report on the implementation of the Revitalised Agreement. RJMEC oversees the mandate and tasks of the Revitalised Transitional Government of National Unity (RTGoNU), including the adherence by the Parties to the agreed timelines and implementation schedule. RJMEC is comprised of 43 members, as per article 7.2, including the Parties to the Agreement, other South Sudanese stakeholders, regional guarantors, UNMISS, IGAD countries, the AU, People’s Republic of China, and the Troika, all of which participate in the delivery of our mandate.  

3.   My briefing to this Council will focus on the key milestones achieved in the implementation of the Revitalised Peace Agreement since my last report in March 2022, and critical pending tasks. I will also highlight challenges, and conclude with my recommendations.

 Mr. President

4.   As reported to this Council in March 2022, due to the slow pace of progress of the implementation of the Revitalised Peace Agreement, RJMEC urged the Revitalised Transitional Government to prepare a roadmap, including its strategy for implementing the Agreement’s critical outstanding tasks. 

5.   The Revitalised Transitional Government duly developed a roadmap setting out the path to peaceful and democratic elections. The Roadmap, entitled “Agreement on the Roadmap to a Peaceful and Democratic end to the Transitional Period of the Revitalised Agreement on the Resolution of the Conflict in the Republic of South Sudan”, has been endorsed by the RJMEC and ratified by the Reconstituted Transitional National Legislature (TNL) in accordance with Article 8.4 of the Revitalised Peace Agreement. This detailed document, developed and owned by the Parties to the Agreement themselves, contains a wide range of critical tasks and timelines, which, if implemented fully in letter and spirit, would ensure the conduct of peaceful and credible democratic elections in December 2024.  

Mr. President,

6.   I will now give a chapter-by-chapter update on progress. On Governance, the reconstituted Transitional National Legislature (TNL) passed the following bills: the South Sudan People’s Defense Force Bill, the Wildlife Service Bill, the National Police Service Bill, the Political Parties Bill and the Constitution-making Process Bill. Other bills, such as the National Prisons Service Bill and the Civic Defense Service Bill, are being processed by the TNL.

7.   In addition, the National Constitutional Amendment Committee has reviewed and drafted several amendments to the key priority legislation, including the National Audit Chamber Act, Public Finance Management and Accountability Act, Petroleum Act, Petroleum Revenue Management Act, the National Elections Act and the Anti-Corruption Commission Act. It is currently reviewing the National Revenue Authority Act, the Bank of South Sudan Act, and the Banking Act.

8.   The outstanding governance tasks required by Chapter 1 include the judicial reforms in article 1.17, the completion of reforms of national Institutions and Commissions, listed in article 1.19, and the reconstitution of the Political Parties Council, the amendment of the National Elections Act, and the reconstitution of the National Elections Commission, in article 1.20.   

9.       On the Permanent Ceasefire and Transitional Security Arrangements, the Revitalised Transitional Government resolved the impasse over the Unified Command structure, including the appointments of unified Commanders in April 2022. Furthermore, approximately 49,000 out of 53,000 Necessary Unified Forces of Phase 1 have been graduated. However, Phase 2 of the unification of forces, which will complete the graduation of the Necessary Unified Forces, has not yet begun, and is overdue.  

10.   That said, insecurity persists in some parts of South Sudan. As highlighted in our recent joint statement of RJMEC, UNMISS, the African Union Mission in South Sudan, IGAD, and some members of the international community, RJMEC is deeply concerned over the escalating violence in both Upper Nile and Jonglei States with innocent lives being lost, thousands displaced, livelihoods and property destroyed. If not addressed urgently, the wider ramifications of such violence could destabilize the ongoing implementation of the Peace Agreement. It is important that the Ceasefire and Transitional Security Arrangements Monitoring and Verification Mechanism (CTSAMVM), which reports to RJMEC, be given the necessary resources to investigate and evaluate such incidents of violence. 

11.   There are critical Transitional Security Arrangements tasks which have not yet been completed. They include the funding and operationalisation of Disarmament, Demobilisation and Reintegration Commission programmes, and the Strategic Defence and Security Review, which is critical for security sector reforms.

12.   Regarding Humanitarian Assistance and Reconstruction, some humanitarian corridors remain opened and continue to facilitate free movement of goods, services and people across borders, including the voluntary return of more than 600,000 people since 2018. However, various factors have exacerbated the already dire humanitarian situation in the country. These include prolonged subnational violence; widespread floods; food insecurity; reduced funding and humanitarian access, and lack of basic services. Furthermore, the establishment of the Special Reconstruction Fund, in article 3.2 of the Agreement, a critical coordinating mechanism for recovery and development efforts, is long overdue.  

13.   As for Resource, Economic and Financial Management, it is encouraging to note that the Revitalised Transitional Government has initiated reforms in Public Financial Management, and relevant banking and resource management laws are being reviewed.  Furthermore, policy reviews and the management of natural resources, agricultural policies, strategies and programmes are underway. However, the comprehensive policy for the use and management of the country’s waterbodies, including but not limited to the River Nile that was prioritised in the Roadmap, is yet to be developed.  

14.   On Transitional Justice, the Revitalised Transitional Government conducted public consultations to help guide the legislation for the establishment of the Commission for Truth, Reconciliation and Healing (CTRH). The drafting of the CTRH Bill and the Compensation and Reparation Authority Bill is ongoing. On the Hybrid Court for South Sudan, the responsibility for its establishment lies with the African Union Commission working with the Revitalised Transitional Government, and this is still pending.

15.   The making of the permanent constitution is critical for guiding the conduct of elections at the end of the Transitional Period and some progress has been made in this regard. On 24 October 2022, the reconstituted Transitional National Legislature passed the Constitution Making Process Bill 2022, but it has yet to be presented to the President for assent. Once signed into law, the Revitalised Transitional Government is expected to reconsitute and appoint all the institutions essential for the making of the permanent constitution.

Mr. President,

16.   During the Roadmap phase, it is critical that the Revitalised Transitional Government provides an enabling environment for elections, including the opening and preserving of civic and political space for all, to build confidence and participation in the process and expedite implementation of all critical outstanding tasks. 

17.   There is also need for all actors, parties and stakeholders alike, including partners and friends of South Sudan to focus more on facilitating progress. To achieve these, there is need to continue building trust amongst the Parties; enhance capacity of implementers; address subnational violence, and the dire humanitarian situation. Furthermore, RJMEC, and CTSAMVM in particular, face significant operational challenges following the withdrawal of US funding.  

Mr. President,

18.        I would like to close my statement with the following recommendations to this august Council:

a.   increase engagements with the Revitalised Transitional Government to adhere to the Roadmap timelines and prioritise their implementation through the availing of predictable, timely and adequate funding for all tasks;

b.   urge member states to provide political, technical, and logistical support to the Revitalised Transitional Government for the implementation of the priority areas of the Roadmap, including the DDR process, the Permanent Constitution-making process, and elections;

c.    encourage the Revitalised Transitional Government to ensure civic and political space are guaranteed and protected throughout the country;

d.   appeal to the Revitalised Transitional Government to urgently address the root causes of intercommunal violence and insecurity in the country, especially in Upper Nile and Jonglei States;

e.    further appeal to the Revitalised Transitional Government, in collaboration and support of international partners and friends of South Sudan, to establish and operationalise the Special Reconstruction Fund to  pave the way for the mobilisation of resources for post-conflict recovery and reconstruction; and

f.     appeal to member states to consider political, logistical and financial support to the monitoring and oversight institutions, RJMEC and CTSAMVM, to enhance their operational capabilities.

19.        Finally, Madam President, I would like to appeal to the Council to remain seized of the peace process in South Sudan, and to consider undertaking regular visits to South Sudan as a show of solidarity. IGAD and the AU have responded very positively to RJMEC’s recent appeals for enhanced engagement with South Sudan. The importance of consolidating our efforts, speaking with one voice, and bringing our collective leverage to bear and pushing for timely implementation of the Roadmap cannot be overemphasised.

20.        For the Roadmap to be implemented in letter and spirit within the stipulated timeline, the full support of the Security Council will be of great importance as the Revitalised Agreement on the Resolution of the Conflict in the Republic of South Sudan continues to offer the best opportunity of lasting peace in South Sudan.

I Thank You. 

H.E. Dr. Wani Igga, Vice President of the Republic of South Sudan and Head of Economic Cluster 

Hon. Justice Ruben Madol Arol, Minister of Justice and Constitutional Affairs 

Hon. Ngor Kolong Ngor, Chairperson Anti-Corruption Commission

Honourable Ministers present

Excellencies, Members of the Diplomatic Corps,

Distinguished Ladies and Gentlemen

Good morning!

I am deeply honoured and privileged to speak on this occasion to mark the International Anti-Corruption Day in the Republic of South Sudan. I bring you greetings and sincere apologies from H.E Amb. Maj. Gen (rtd) Charles Tai Gituai, Interim Chairperson of the Reconstituted Joint Monitoring and Evaluation Commission (RJMEC) who unfortunately could not attend this important event due to unavoidable circumstances.

I thank Hon. Ngor Kolong Ngor, Chairperson of the Anti-Corruption Commission for inviting RJMEC and for organizing this event. I also thank UNMISS for partnering with and supporting the Commission to make this event a success. 

Excellencies, Ladies and Gentlemen

There is no doubt that corruption, misuse and abuses of public resources is one of the major conflict drivers and indeed a huge impediment to economic development, social services delivery, peacebuilding and transformation in every society. That is why reforms geared at promoting accountability, prudent and transparent management of public finances and oil revenues are at the core of the implementation of the Revitalized Peace Agreement. 

Indeed, a whole chapter, Chapter 4 of the R-ARCSS is dedicated to resource, economic and financial management reforms including institutional reforms, legislative reforms, oil/petroleum management, land reforms, environmental protection, wealth sharing and revenue allocation, public expenditure, borrowing, public finance management and enterprises development funds. 

As you may all know by now, some good progress is being made in this regard. The Revitalized Transitional Government of National Unity has initiated a number of reforms in Public Financial Management including operationalization of the treasury single account, creation of the Public Procurement and Asset Disposal Authority and review of several legislation including the Public Financial Management Act, National Audit Chambers  Act, Petroluem Act, Petroluem Revenue Management Act, and the Anti-Corruption Commissions Act. 

All these laws have now been reviewed by the National Constitutional Amendment Committee (NCAC) which has drafted Amendment Bills and handed them over to the Minister of Justice and Constitutional Affairs. These laws have been amended to align them with the Revitalized Peace Agreement and international best practices in order to ensure transparency and accountability. In the case of the Anti-Corruption Commission Bill, once enacted, the Commission will be reconstituted in accordance with the amended Act fully empowered to fight corruption and it will have all our support, consequently, South Sudan will have some of the most progressive and effective legal frameworks in the management of public finances and resources, including in the fight to combat corruption.  What will remain however will be their full implementation and for this to happen, we must all play a role. 

Therefore, the theme chosen for today’s celebration is particularly relevant for South Sudan, that is: “Your Role, Your Right. Say No to Corruption, Your No Count”.  We are all being called to action.

Excellencies, Ladies and Gentlemen

As we mark this international day, dedicated to highlight the rights and responsibilities of all stakeholders-including states, government officials, civil servants, law enforcement officers, media, private sector, civil society, academia, women, youth, and the public generally in tackling corruption, let it begin with us here. Let us all say no to corruption.

RJMEC would like to use this opportunity to appeal to the RTGoNU, in particular to the Honorable Justice Ruben Madol Arol, Minister of Justice and Constitutional Affairs to expeditiously present all the amendment bills already submitted to him, by the NCAC to the Council of Ministers and table the same before the reconstituted TNLA for enactment soonest possible. Further, we appeal to the Honorable Madam Speaker to forward the Constitution Bill to H.E. the President for assent. The enactment of these pending laws and the assent of the Constitution Bill will lay a firm foundation for transparency and accountability in the Republic of South Sudan and aid our collective efforts towards implementation of the Peace Agreement for a democratic process of governance that is able to combat corruption.

As I conclude, I appeal to our regional and international partners to support the efforts of the Government and people of South Sudan to curb this vice of corruption, by building capacitie of critical institutions, like the Anti-Corruption Commission and Audit Chambers and put in place the necessary systems to investigate and curb the multifaceted challenges of corruption, including by sharing best practices.”

I thank you all and wish you a successful event.